La Sanidad en los presidios del Reino. Real Ordenanza General de presidios de 1834 / Health care in the prisons of the Kingdom. General Royal Ordinance of Prisons of 1834

En el S. XIX, aparece en España el concepto «Sanidad penitenciaria» en el ordenamiento legal como elemento propio de las prisiones. En este siglo, gracias a una serie de principios ideológicos de carácter humanitario y progresista, se regulan y decretan normas que organizan la necesidad de una adecuada atención médica en los presidios de África, en los peninsulares, insulares y de ultramar. La más importante de ellas en aquella época, la constituyó la Ordenanza General de los Presidios del Reino de 1834, y el posterior Reglamento de 1844 (AU)

In the 19th century, the concept of «prison health» began to make an appearance in Spanish legislation as an integral part of prison management. Thanks to a series of ideological and progressive principles in the same century, laws were decreed and regulated to address the need for adequate medical care for prisoners in Africa, Spain and the overseas territories. The most important of these was the Royal Ordinance of Prisoners of the Kingdom of 1834, and subsequent Regulation of 1844 (AU)

Who pays for providing spiritual care in healthcare settings? The ethical dilemma of taxpayers funding holistic healthcare and the first amendment requirement for separation of church and state.

All US governmental, public, and private healthcare facilities and their staff fall under some form of regulatory requirement to provide opportunities for spiritual health assessment and care as a component of holistic healthcare. As often the case with regulations, these facilities face the predicament of funding un-reimbursable care. However, chaplains and nurses who provide most patient spiritual care are paid using funds the facility obtains from patients, private, and public sources. Furthermore, Veteran healthcare services, under the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), are provided with taxpayer funds from local, state, and federal governments. With the recent legal action by the Freedom From Religion Foundation, Inc. (FFRF) against the Veterans Administration, the ethical dilemma surfaces between taxpayers funding holistic healthcare and the first amendment requirement for separation of church and state.